Are there any other modules that strike a similar, if not inferior, chord with you? I have almost zero experience with modules, so I truly have no idea.
~SE++
Well, I had hoped
this would have, but it failed to live up to expectations.
White Plume Mountain did evoke a similar feeling, albeit nothing nearly as intense. But then, WPM was also written by Gary Gygax so it is natural that it would share some common themes.
Of "newer" stuff,
The Shackled City also really captivated me, but that was a series of twelve+ modules that were put together into a massive campaign all centred around one city, so I dunno if that counts. I did run Shackled City with my group for over a year, though.
Over the years though nothing has come close to the appeal of the Tomb of Horrors. I think the part that appeals most to me is that a majority of the puzzles are fashioned in ways that test the player's minds as much as it tested their characters abilities, often with fatal results. In all other games death is meaningless, because they either spring for a resurrection or get excited about building a new character, but in the Tomb death holds a new meaning because the players feel like the lives of their characters relies on their ability to outwit the Tomb's traps...and if they fail, their character pays the price. It's an interesting dynamic to put your players through.